शिवताण्डवस्तोत्रम् - Shiva Tandava Stotra



Lord Shiva Dancing Shiva Tandava Nritya, with fire around him. Shiva Tandava Nritya is the devine dancing of Lord Shiva for creation, and destruction of the universe. Shiva Tandava Stotra was created by Ravana one of the greatest Shiva Bhakta of All times
Shiva Tandav Nritya शिव तांडव नृत्य

जटाटवीगलज्जलप्रवाहपावितस्थले
गलेऽवलम्ब्य लम्बितां भुजङ्गतुङ्गमालिकाम् । डमड्डमड्डमड्डमन्निनादवड्डमर्वयं
चकार चण्ड्ताण्डवं तनोतु नः शिवः शिवम् ॥१॥
The Shiva, Who having held a long-garland of the Snakes at the, purified by the flow of trickling water-drops in the forest-like hair-locks, danced the fierce Tāṇḍava-dance to the music of a sounding-drum - Damaru (डमरु), - May that Shiva extend my bliss. [1]

जटाकटाहसंभ्रमभ्रमन्निलिम्पनिर्झरी-
विलोलवीचिवल्लरीविराजमानमूर्धनि । धगद्धगद्धगज्ज्वलल्ललाटपट्टपावके
किशोरचन्द्रशेखरे रतिः प्रतिक्षणं मम ॥२॥
At every moment, may I find pleasure in Shiva, Whose head is situated in between the creeper-like unsteady waves of Nilimpanirjharī (Gańgā गंगा Ganga) which is roaming unsteadily in the frying-pan like twisted hair-locks, Who has crackling and blazing fire at the surface of forehead at his third eye, and Who has a crescent-moon (young moon) at the forehead [2]

धराधरेन्द्रनंदिनीविलासबन्धुबन्धुर
स्फुरद्दिगन्तसन्ततिप्रमोदमानमानसे ।
कृपाकटाक्षधोरणीनिरुद्धदुर्धरापदि
क्वचिद्दिगम्बरे( क्वचिच्चिदंबरे) मनो विनोदमेतु वस्तुनि ॥३॥
May my mind seeks happiness in Śiva, Whose mind has the shining universe and all the living-beings inside, Who is the charming sportive-friend of the daughter of the mountain-king of the Earth (i.e. Himālaya हिमालय daughter Parvati पार्वती), Whose uninterrupted series of merciful-glances conceals immense-troubles, and Who has direction as His clothes.[3]

लताभुजङ्गपिङ्गलस्फुरत्फणामणिप्रभा
कदम्बकुङ्कुमद्रवप्रलिप्तदिग्वधूमुखे ।
मदान्धसिन्धुरस्फुरत्त्वगुत्तरीयमेदुरे
मनो विनोदमद्भुतं बिभर्तु भूतभर्तरि ॥४॥
May my mind hold in Shiva, by Whom - with the light from the jewels of the shining-hoods of creeper-like yellow-snakes — the face of Dikkanyās’ are smeared with Kadamba-juice like red Kuńkuma, Who looks dense due to the glittering skin-garment of an intoxicated elephant, and Who is the Lord of the ghosts.[4]

सहस्रलोचनप्रभृत्यशेषलेखशेखर
प्रसूनधूलिधोरणी विधूसराङ्घ्रिपीठभूः ।
भुजङ्गराजमालया निबद्धजाटजूटक
श्रियै चिराय जायतां चकोरबन्धुशेखरः ॥५॥
For a long time, may Shiva — Whose foot-basement is grey due to the series of pollen dust from flowers at the head of Indra (Sahasralocana सहस्रलोचन इन्द्र) and all other demi-gods, Whose matted hairlocks are tied by a garland of the king of snakes, and Who has a head-jewel of the friend of cakora bird — produce prosperity.[5]

ललाटचत्वरज्वलद्धनञ्जयस्फुलिङ्गभा-
निपीतपञ्चसायकं नमन्निलिम्पनायकम् ।
सुधामयूखलेखया विराजमानशेखरं
महाकपालिसम्पदेशिरोजटालमस्तु नः ॥६॥
May we acquire the possession of tress-locks of Shiva, Which absorbed the five-arrows (of Kāmadeva) in the sparks of the blazing fire stored in the rectangular-forehead, Which are being bowed by the leader of supernatural-beings, Which have an enticing-forehead with a beautiful streak of crescent-moon.[6]

करालभालपट्टिकाधगद्धगद्धगज्ज्वल-
द्धनञ्जयाहुतीकृतप्रचण्डपञ्चसायके ।
धराधरेन्द्रनन्दिनीकुचाग्रचित्रपत्रक-
प्रकल्पनैकशिल्पिनि त्रिलोचने रतिर्मम ॥७॥
May I find pleasure in Trilocana, Who offered the five great-arrows (of Kāmadeva) to the blazing and chattering fire of the plate-like forehead, and Who is the sole-artist placing variegated artistic lines on the breasts of the daughter of Himālaya (Pārvatī पार्वती Parvati).[7]

नवीनमेघमण्डली निरुद्धदुर्धरस्फुरत्-
कुहूनिशीथिनीतमः प्रबन्धबद्धकन्धरः ।
निलिम्पनिर्झरीधरस्तनोतु कृत्तिसिन्धुरः
कलानिधानबन्धुरः श्रियं जगद्धुरंधरः ॥८॥
May Shiva — Whose cord-tied neck is dark like a night with shining-moon obstructed by a group of harsh and new clouds, Who holds the River Gańgā (Ganga गंगा), Whose cloth is made of elephant-skin, Who has a curved and crescent moon placed at the forehead, and Who bears the universe — expand [my] wealth.[8]

प्रफुल्लनीलपङ्कजप्रपञ्चकालिमप्रभा-
वलम्बिकण्ठकन्दलीरुचिप्रबद्धकन्धरम् ।
स्मरच्छिदं पुरच्छिदं भवच्छिदं मखच्छिदं
गजच्छिदांधकछिदं तमंतकच्छिदं भजे ॥९॥
I adore Śiva, Who supports the dark glow of blooming blue lotus series at around the girdle of His neck, Who cuts-off Smara (Kāmadeva कामदेव), Who cuts-off Pura, Who cuts-off the mundane existence, Who cuts-off the sacrifice (of Dakṣa दक्ष), Who cuts-off the demon Gaja, Who cuts-off Andhaka, and Who cuts-off Yama (death यम).[9]

अखर्व(अगर्व)सर्वमङ्गलाकलाकदंबमञ्जरी
रसप्रवाहमाधुरी विजृंभणामधुव्रतम्  ।
स्मरान्तकं पुरान्तकं भवान्तकं मखान्तकं
गजान्तकान्धकान्तकं तमन्तकान्तकं भजे ॥१०॥

I adore Shiva, Who only eats the sweet-flow of nectar from the beautiful flowers of Kadamba-trees which are the abode of all important auspicious qualities, Who destroys Smara (Kamadeva कामदेव), Who destroys Pura, Who destroys the mundane existence, Who destroys the sacrifice (of Dakṣa दक्ष), Who destroys the demon Gaja, Who destroys Andhaka, and Who destroys Yama (death यम).[10]

जयत्वदभ्रविभ्रमभ्रमद्भुजङ्गमश्वस-
द्विनिर्गमत्क्रमस्फुरत्करालभालहव्यवाट् ।
धिमिद्धिमिद्धिमिध्वनन्मृदङ्गतुङ्गमङ्गल
ध्वनिक्रमप्रवर्तित प्रचण्डताण्डवः शिवः ॥११॥ 
May Shiva, Whose dreadful forehead has oblations of plentiful, turbulent and wandering snake-hisses — first coming out and then sparking, Whose fierce tāṇḍava-dance is set in motion by the sound-series of the auspicious and best-drum (ḍamaru Damaru डमरु) — which is sounding with ‘dhimit-dhimit’ sounds, be victorious.[11]

दृषद्विचित्रतल्पयोर्भुजङ्गमौक्तिकस्रजोर्-
गरिष्ठरत्नलोष्ठयोः सुहृद्विपक्षपक्षयोः ।
तृष्णारविन्दचक्षुषोः प्रजामहीमहेन्द्रयोः
समप्रवृतिकः (समं प्रवर्तयन्मनः)कदा सदाशिवं भजे ॥१२॥
When will I adore Sadashiva सदाशिव with an equal vision towards varied ways of the world, a snake or a pearl-garland, royal-gems or a lump of dirt, friend or enemy sides, a grass-eyed or a lotus-eyed person, and common men or the king.[12]

कदा निलिम्पनिर्झरीनिकुञ्जकोटरे वसन्
विमुक्तदुर्मतिः सदा शिरः स्थमञ्जलिं वहन् ।
विमुक्तलोललोचनो ललामभाललग्नकः
शिवेति मंत्रमुच्चरन् कदा सुखी भवाम्यहम् ॥१३॥
Living in the hollow of a tree in the thickets of River Ganga गंगा, always free from ill-thinking, bearing añjali at the forehead, free from lustful eyes, and forehead and head bonded, when will I become content while reciting the mantra ‘‘Shiva?’’[13]

इदम् हि नित्यमेवमुक्तमुत्तमोत्तमं स्तवं
पठन्स्मरन्ब्रुवन्नरो विशुद्धिमेतिसंततम् ।
हरे गुरौ सुभक्तिमाशु याति नान्यथा गतिं
विमोहनं हि देहिनां सुशङ्करस्य चिंतनम् ॥१४॥
Reading, remembering, and reciting this eternal, having spoken thus, and the best among best eulogy indeed incessantly leads to purity. In preceptor Hara (Shiva हर) immediately the state of complete devotion is achieved; no other option is there. Just the thought of Shiva (Sankara, Shankara, शंकर)is enough for the people.[14]

पूजावसानसमये दशवक्त्रगीतं
यः शंभुपूजनपरं पठति प्रदोषे ।
तस्य स्थिरां रथगजेन्द्रतुरङ्गयुक्तां
लक्ष्मीं सदैव सुमुखिं प्रददाति शंभुः  ॥१५॥
At the time of prayer-completion, that who reads this song by Daśavaktra (Dasavaktra Ravan दशबक्त्र रावण) after the prayer of Shambhu — Shambhu (शंभो) gives him stable wealth including chariots, elephants and horses, and beautiful face.[15] ॥

इति श्रीरावणविरचितं शिवताण्डवस्तोत्रं संपूर्णम् ॥
Thus ends the Shiva Tandava Stotra written by Ravana.    


शिवताण्डवस्तोत्रम् by Ravan with commentary and meaning

Shiva Tandava Stotram (शिवताण्डवस्तोत्रम्) is a very beautifully created hymn of praise in the Hindu tradition that describes Shiva's power and beauty. It was sung by the son of Rishi Vishrawas (aka Vishrava), Ravana whose brother is Kubera. Both the fourth and fifth quatrains of this hymn conclude with lists of Shiva's epithets as destroyer, even the destroyer of death itself. Alliteration and onomatopoeia create roiling waves of resounding beauty in this example of Hindu devotional poetry.
Ravan was one of the greatest follower of Lord Shiva of all the times. He created the popular Shiva Tandav Stotra. He has created many stotras and mantras Specially for lord Shiva. His father was Rishi Vishrava, His brothers - Kuber, the lord of wealth, Kumbhakarna, Vivishana, and sister Suparnakha. He was ruler of Lanka as described in Ramayan and killed by Lord Ram, the Incarnation of Vishnu
One of the greatest Shiva Bhakta Ravan Meditating
In the final quatrain of the poem, after tiring of rampaging across the Earth, Ravana asks, "When will I be happy?" Because of the intensity of his prayers and ascetic meditation, of which this hymn was an example, Ravana received from Shiva the boon of indestructibility by all powers on heaven and earth — except by a human being. Disdaining the seeming weakness of humans, Ravana abducted the wife of Rama, Lord Vishnu incarnate. India's great epic, the Ramayana, tells the story of this abduction and of the battle between Lord Rama and Ravana which shook the universe.'
Shiva Tandava Stotra 

शिवताण्डवस्तोत्र In English
Natraj Shiva in Ardha Narishwor Form. Shiva is described as the union of Shakti and Sava. In this form. he is half man and half woman form. Dancing the devine dance of creation. Shiva Tandav Nritya
Shiva Dancing in Ardha Narishwor अर्ध नारीश्वर form
Jatatavee gala jjala pravaha pavitha sthale, 
Gale avalabhya lambithaam bhujanga thunga malikaam, 
Dama ddama dama ddama ninnadava damarvayam,
Chakara chanda thandavam thanothu na shiva shivam. [1] 

Jata kataha sambhramabrama nillimpa nirjari, 
Vilola veechi vallari viraja mana moordhani, 
Dhaga dhaga daga jjwala lalata patta pavake, 
Kishora Chandra shekare rathi prathi kshanam mama. [2] 

Dara darendra nandini vilasa bhandhu bhandura, 
Sphuradigantha santhathi pramodha mana manase, 
Krupa kadaksha dhorani niruddha durdharapadi, 
Kwachi digambare mano vinodhamethu vasthuni. [3] 

Jada bhujanga pingala sphurath phana mani prabha, Kadamba kumkuma drava praliptha digwadhu mukhe, Madhandha sindhura sphurathwagu utthariya medhure, Mano vinodhamadhbutham bibarthu bhootha bharthari. [4] 

Sahasra lochana prabhoothyasesha lekha shekhara, 
Prasoona dhooli dhorani vidhu sarangri peedabhu, 
Bhujangaraja Malaya nibhadha jada jhootaka, 
Sriyai chiraya jayatham chakora bandhu shekhara. [5] 

Lalata chathwara jwaladhanam jaya sphulingabha, 
Nipeetha pancha sayagam saman nilimpanayakam, 
Sudha mayookha lekhaya virajamana shekharam,
Maha kapali sampade, siro jadalamasthu na. [6]

Karala bhala pattika dhagadhaga jjwala, 
Ddhanam jayahuthi krutha prachanda pancha sayage , 
Dharadharendra nandhini kuchagra chithrapathraka, 
Prakalpanaika shilpini, trilochane rather mama. [7]

Naveena megha mandali nirudha durdharath sphurath, 
Kahoo niseedhi neethama prabhandha bandha kandhara, 
Nilimpa nirjari darsthanothu kruthi sindhura, 
Kala nidhana bandhura sriyam jagat durandhara. [8] 

Prafulla neela pankaja prapancha kalima prabha, 
Valambhi kanda kanthali ruchi prabandha kandharam, 
Smarschidham puraschidham bhavaschidham makhachidham, 
Gajachidandakachidham tham anthakachidham bhaje. [9] 

Agarva sarva mangalaa kalaa kadamba manjari,
Rasa pravaha madhuri vijrumbha mana madhu vrtham, 
Suranthakam, paranthakam, bhavanthakam, makhandakam, 
Gajandhakandhakandakam thamanthakanthakam bhaje. [10] 

Jayathwadhabra vibramadbujaamga maswasath, 
Vinirgamath, kramasphurath, karala bhala havya vat, 
Dhimi dhimi dhimi dhwanan mrudanga thunga mangala, 
Dhwani karma pravarthitha prachanda thandawa shiva. [11] 

Drusha dwichi thra thalpayor bhujanga moukthika srajo, 
Garishta rathna loshtayo suhrudhwi paksha pakshayo, 
Trunara vinda chakshusho praja mahee mahendrayo, 
Samapravarthika kadha sadashivam bhajamyaham. [12]

Kada nilampa nirjaree nikunja kotare vasan, 
Vimuktha durmathee sada sirasthanjaleem vahan, 
Vilola lola lochano lalama bhala lagnaka, 
Shivethi manthamucharan kada sukhee bhavamyaham. [13] 

Imam hi nithya meva muktha muthamothamam sthavam, 
Padan, smaran broovan naro vishudhimethi santhatham, 
Hare Gurou subhakthimasu yathi nanyadha gatheem, 
Vimohinam hi dehinaam sushakarasya chithanam. [14] 

Poojavasana samaye dasa vakhra geetham, 
Ya shambhu poojana param padthi pradhoshe, 
Thasya sthiraam radha gajendra thuranga yuktham, 
Lakshmeem sadaiva sumukheem pradadathi shambu. [15] 

Ithi Ravana krutham, Shiva thandava stotram, Sampoornam,


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संकटमोचन हनुमानाष्टकं - Sankatamochan Hanuman Ashtakam



Shree Pancha Mukhi Hanuman Ji
मत्तगयन्द छन्द
बाल समय रबि भक्षि लियो तब तीनहुँ लोक भयो अँधियारो ।
ताहि सों त्रास भयो जग को यह संकट काहु सों जात न टारो ।
देवन आनि करी बिनती तब छाँड़ि दियो रबि कष्ट निवारो ।
को नहिं जानत है जग में कपि संकटमोचन नाम तिहारो ॥१॥
Baala samai ravi bhaksha liyo, Taba teenahu loka bhayo andhiyaaro
Taahi so traasa bhayo jaga-ko, Yaha sankata kaahu so jaata na taaro
Dewan-aani kari binatee, Taba chaari diyo ravi kashta niwaaro
Ko nahi jaanata hai jaga may, kapi sankat mochan naam tihaaro [1]

बालि की त्रास कपीस बसै गिरि जात महाप्रभु पंथ निहारो ।
चौंकि महा मुनि साप दियो तब चाहिय कौन बिचार बिचारो ।
कै द्विज रूप लिवाय महाप्रभु सो तुम दास के सोक निवारो ।
को नहिं जानत है जग में कपि संकटमोचन नाम तिहारो ॥२
Baali ki traasa kapeesa basai giri jaata mahaa prabhu pantha nihaaro
Chownkee maha muni sraapa diyo, taba chaahiyay kowna bichaar bichaaro
Lai dwija roopa liwaaya mahaa, prabhu so tuma daasa kay shoka niwaaro
Ko nahi jaanata hai jaga may kapi sankat mochan naam tihaaro [2]

अंगद के सँग लेन गये सिय खोज कपीस यह बैन उचारो ।
जीवत ना बचिहौ हम सो जु बिना सुधि लाए इहाँ पगु धारो ।
हेरि थके तट सिंधु सबै तब लाय सिया-सुधि प्रान उबारो ।
को नहिं जानत है जग में कपि संकटमोचन नाम तिहारो ॥३॥
Angad kay sanga layna gayay, siya khoja kapisha yaha baina uchaaro
Jeewata-na bachihow hum-so, jubina sudhi laayi-ihaa paga dhaaro
Hayri thaki tatta sindhu sabai, taba laayi siyaa sudhi praana ubaaro
Ko nahi jaanata hai jaga may kapi sankat mochan naam tihaaro [3]

रावन त्रास दई सिय को सब राक्षसि सों कहि सोक निवारो ।
ताहि समय हनुमान महाप्रभु जाय महा रजनीचर मारो ।
चाहत सीय असोक सों आगि सु दै प्रभु मुद्रिका सोक निवारो ।
को नहिं जानत है जग में कपि संकटमोचन नाम तिहारो ॥४॥
Rawana traasa-dayi siya ko, saba raakshashi so kahi shoka nivaaro
Taahi samaya hanumana mahaa prabhu, jaaya mahaaraj nicharamaaro
Chaahita-siya ashoka so-aagi, soo-dai prabhu mudrika soka niwaaro
Ko nahi jaanata hai jaga may kapi sankat mochan naam tihaaro [4]

बान लग्यो उर लछिमन के तब प्रान तजे सुत रावन मारो ।
लै गृह बैद्य सुषेन समेत तबै गिरि द्रोन सु बीर उपारो ।
आनि सजीवन हाथ दई तब लछिमन के तुम प्रान उबारो ।
को नहिं जानत है जग में कपि संकटमोचन नाम तिहारो ॥५॥
Baanlagyo ura Laksmana kay, taba praana tajay suta rawana maaro
Lai-graha vaidya sushen sameta, tabahi giri drona su beera ubaaro
Aani sanjeewana haatha dayay, taba lakshkmana kay tuma praana ubaaro
Ko nahi jaanata hai jaga may kapi sankat mochan naam tihaaro [5]

रावन जुद्ध अजान कियो तब नाग कि फाँस सबै सिर डारो ।
श्रीरघुनाथ समेत सबै दल मोह भयो यह संकट भारो ।
आनि खगेस तबै हनुमान जु बंधन काटि सुत्रास निवारो ।
को नहिं जानत है जग में कपि संकटमोचन नाम तिहारो ॥६॥
Rawana juddha ajaana kiyo, taba naaga ki phaasa sabai sira daaro
Sri Raghunatha sameta sabai, dala-moha bhayo yaha sankat bhaaro
Aani khagesha tabai hanumana-ju, bandhana kaati sutraasa niwaaro
Ko nahi jaanata hai jaga may kapi sankat mochan naam tihaaro [6]

बंधु समेत जबै अहिरावन लै रघुनाथ पताल सिधारो ।
देबिहिं पूजि भली बिधि सों बलि देउ सबै मिलि मंत्र बिचारो ।
जाय सहाय भयो तब ही अहिरावन सैन्य समेत सँहारो ।
को नहिं जानत है जग में कपि संकटमोचन नाम तिहारो ॥७॥
Bandhu sameta jabai–ahirawana, lay raghunatha pataala sidhaaro
Devihi puji bhali vidhi, so-bali daywu sabai mili mantra vichaaro
Jaayi sahaayi bhayo tabahi, ahi-rawana sainya samet sanghaaro
Ko nahi jaanata hai jaga may kapi sankat mochan naam tihaaro [7]

काज कियो बड़ देवन के तुम बीर महाप्रभु देखि बिचारो ।
कौन सो संकट मोर गरीब को जो तुमसों नहिं जात है टारो ।
बेगि हरो हनुमान महाप्रभु जो कुछ संकट होय हमारो ।
को नहिं जानत है जग में कपि संकटमोचन नाम तिहारो ॥८॥
Kaaja kiyay bara daywana kay, tuma beera mahaa prabhu dekhi bichaaro
Kowna so sankata mora gariba, ko-jo tuuma so nahin jaata hai taaro
Baygi haro hanumana maha prabhu, so-kachu sankat hoya hamaaro
Ko nahi jaanata hai jaga may kapi sankat mochan naam tihaaro [8]

दोहा
लाल देह लाली लसे अरू धरि लाल लँगूर।
बज्र देह दानव दलन जय जय जय कपि सूर॥
Doha
Laal Deha Laalee Lasay, Aru Dhari Laala Langoora
Bajra Deha Daanawa Dalana, Jai Jai Jai kapi Soora

इती श्री गोस्वामी तुलसीदासकृत संकटमोचन हनुमानाष्टकं शुभम् ॥

Meaning

Prayer to Hanuman in eight verses, which can remove all the troubles

During childhood, You swallowed the Sun. Then the whole world became dark. On that account, trouble happened to the world and no one was about to rectify the situation. The demi-gods came and requested You, and You released the Sun from Your mouth to remove the fear. In this world, who does not knows that You are known as remover of obstacles, O Kapi! [1]

Due to fear of Bālī, Sugrīva lived on a mountain. He saw Lord rāma on His way. He could not leave the mountain due to curse of a saint. You found a solution to this (lit. You selected the thought that was needed). You took a form of seer and brought Lord Rāma, and relieved the suffering of Sugrīva. In this world, who does not knows that You are known as remover of obstacles, O Kapi! [2]

You went with Aṅgada (and others) to find Sītā and Aṅgada said, ‘We will not remain alive unless we return with the information about Sītā.’ They all got tired seeing the ocean at the coast. Then You brought the information about Sītā and saved everyone. In this world, who does not knows that You are known as remover of obstacles, O Kapi! [3]

Rāvaṇa ordered all the female demons to trouble Sītā. She asked (Trijaṭā) to remove Her troubles (by building a funeral pyre where She could jump). At that moment Hanumān, the great Lord, went and killed many demons there. He wanted Sītā to be relived and therefore, He gave the ring of Rāma to dispel anxiety of Sītā. In this world, who does not knows that You are known as remover of obstacles, O Kapi! [4]

When arrow of Meghanāda (son of Rāvaṇa) struck in the heart of Lakṣmaṇa, He was almost dead. You brought the healer Suṣeṇa, along with his home, and then finally You brought Mount Droṇa with the magical herb Sañjīvanī. After giving the herb, You rescued the life of Lakṣmaṇa. In this world, who does not knows that You are known as remover of obstacles, O Kapi! [5]

Rāvaṇa fought a war while remaining invisible and chained everyone in Nāgapāśa (lit. chain made of cobra). Along with Śrīrāma, everyone got deluded and thought it to be a great trouble. You brought Garuḍa (from Vaikuṇṭha), Who ripped apart the snakes. In this world, who does not knows that You are known as remover of obstacles, O Kapi! [6]

When Ahirāvaṇa with his brother kidnapped Rāma with His brother Lakṣmaṇa, he prayed to Goddess in various ways and well-prepared for human sacrifice of Rāma. Then You went as a helper to Rāma and killed Ahirāvaṇa along with his army. In this world, who does not knows that You are known as remover of obstacles, O Kapi! [7]

You have done deeds for great noble Ones. O brave and great Lord! Cast a glance on me and then decide what pain of the destitute me cannot be removed by you? (In other words, remove all my pains). O Hanumān, Who is the great lord! Absolve our any existing troubles quickly. In this world, who does not knows that You are known as remover of obstacles, O Kapi! [8]

Dohā:
Red-ness shines over Your red body, O Red Monkey! Your body is tough as diamond and You destroy demons. Be victorious, again and again, O the bravest among monkeys!

Sankat Mochan Hanuman Ashtak, simply known as Hanuman Aashtak, is a devotional Hindi Bhajan song dedicated to Lord Hanuman. Sankatmochan Hanuman Ashtakam (Sankat Mochan Naam Tiharo) was written By Tulsidas, a great devotee of Ram and Hanumanji. Ashtak, or Astakam, literally means eight and the prayer contain eight verses in praise of Lord Hanuman and the bhajan ends with a Doha. In most Lord Hanumanji Temples, this Sankatmochan Hanumanastak is chanted after the Hanuman Chalisa (Forty chaupais on Hanuman)

Astakam, Hanuman, Rudra, Tulasidas, मत्तगयन्द छन्द, श्री गोस्वामी तुलसीदासकृत,



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तनु वेड्स मनु



एक अच्‍छी कहानी और उत्तर प्रदेश के परिवेश पर बनी फिल्‍म तनु वेड्स मनु आखिरकार आज देख ही लिया। वकाई यह फिल्‍म पता नही कितने दर्शको को बांध पायी होगी किन्‍तु मुझे बांधने मे कामयाब रही। इस फिल्‍म को मैने तब देखने का फैसला किया था जब मैने अन्तिम फिल्‍म धोबी घाट देखी थी।

मुझे फिल्‍मो पर लिखना इतना भी पंसद है किन्‍तु कभी-कभी कुछ पर लिखना पड़ ही जाता है। अन्तिम बार मैने किसी फिल्‍म नही जमी - "वन्स अपॉन ए टाइम इन मुंबई" पर लिखा था। तनु वेड्स मनु मे माधवन ने अपनी छव‍ि के आधार पर काम किया ही साथ-साथ कंगना रनौत ने भी वन्स अपॉन ए टाइम इन मुंबई की अपेक्षा और भी निखर कर आयी है। इस पूरी मूवी मे मैने इस बैनर को बहुत मिस किया क्‍योकि यह था ही नही। :)


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श्री चन्द्रशेखराष्टकम् - Shree Chandra Sekaharstakam



Lord Shiva Neel Kantha, Drinking Kaalkoot Vish, Halahal Vish produced during churning of ocean, samundra manthan, Chandra Sekhara astakam, Maha Mrituinjaya Shiva drinking the poision for saving all the creation

रत्नसानुशरासनं रजताद्रिश्रृङ्गनिकेतनं
शिञ्जिनीकृतपन्नगेश्वरमच्युतानलसायकम् ।
क्षिप्रदग्धपुरत्रयं त्रिदशालयैरभिवन्दितं
चन्द्रशेखरमाश्रये मम किं करिष्यति वै यमः ॥१॥

पञ्चपादपपुष्पगन्धिपदाम्बुजद्वयशोभितं
भाललोचनजातपावकदग्धमन्मथविग्रहम् ।
भस्मादिग्धकलेवरं भवनाशिनं भवमव्ययं
चन्द्रशेखरमाश्रये मम किं करिष्यति वै यमः ॥२॥

मत्तवारणमुख्यचर्मकृतोत्तरीयमनोहरं
पङ्कजासनपद्मलोचनपूजिताङ्घ्रिसरोरुहम् ।
देवसिद्धतरङ्गिणीकरसिक्तशीतजटाधरं
चन्द्रशेखरमाश्रये मम किं करिष्यति वै यमः ॥३॥
Maha Mrityunjaya Stotra, Mritunjaya stotra, Shiva, eight hands, rudrabhishek, Rudra Abhishek, Amrit Kalash, Padma Ashan, Kamal Ashan, Pink Lotus, Lotus Posture
Maha Mrityunjaya Shiva

कुण्डलीकृतकुण्डलीश्वरकुण्डलं वृषवाहनं
नारदादिमुनीश्वरस्तुतवैभवं भुवनेश्वरम् ।
अन्धकान्तकमाश्रितामरपादपं शमनान्तकं
चन्द्रशेखरमाश्रये मम किं करिष्यति वै यमः ॥४॥

यक्षराजसखं भगाक्षिहरं भुजङ्गविभूषणं
शैलराजसुतापरिष्कृतचारुवामकलेवरम् ।
क्ष्वेडनीलगलं परश्वधधारिणं मृगधारिणं
चन्द्रशेखरमाश्रये मम किं करिष्यति वै यमः ॥५॥

भेषजं भवरोगिणामखिलापदामपहारिणं
दक्षयज्ञविनाशिनं त्रिगुणात्मकं त्रिविलोचनम् ।
भुक्तिमक्तिफलप्रदं निखिलाघसंघनिबर्हणं
चन्द्रशेखरमाश्रये मम किं करिष्यति वै यमः ॥६॥

भक्तवत्सलमर्चतां निधिमक्षयं हरिदम्वरं
सर्वभूतपतिं परात्परमप्रमेयमनूपमम् ।
भूमिवारिनभोहुताशनसोमपालितस्वाकृतिं
चन्द्रशेखरमाश्रये मम किं करिष्यति वै यमः ॥७॥

विश्वसृष्टिविधायिनं पुनरेव पालनतत्परं
संहरन्तमथ प्रपञ्चमशेषलोकनिवासिनम्
क्रीडयन्तमहर्निशं गणनाथयूथसमावृतं
चन्द्रशेखरमाश्रये मम किं करिष्यति वै यमः ॥८॥





Rathna Sanu Sarasanam, Rajathadri Sringa Nikethanam,
Sinjinee Krita Pannageswaramachyutaanala Sayakam,
Kshipra Dhagdha Pura Trayam Tri Dashaa layairabhi Vanditham,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[1]

What can the lord of death, Yama, do to me when I am under the protection of Chandra Sekhara Bhagawan Shiva, who sits on the top of Kailash, who made bow from Meru parbat and Basuki Naag, and who made fire arrow of Vishnu and destroyed all the demons, and who is served by all the Gods.



Pancha Paada Pa Pushpa Gandhi padambuja Dwaya Shobitham,
Bhala Lochana Jaata Paavaka Dagdha Manmatha Vigraham,
Basma Digdha Kalevaram, Bhava Naashinam, Bhava Mavyayam,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[2]

What can the lord of death, Yama, do to me when I am under the protection of Chandra Sekhara Bhagawan Shiva, who is worshipped by five beautiful and aromatic flowers - Mandar, Parijat, Santan, Kalpabrikshya, and Harichandan, who had destroyed Kam Deva, the god of sex, with the flames from third eye in his forhead, who is


Matha Varana Mukhya Charma Kruthothareeya Mahoharam,
Pankajasana Padma Lochana Poojithangri Saroruham,
Deva Sindhu Tharanga Seekara Siktha Jatadharam,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[3]

Yaksha Raja Sakham Bhagaksha Haram Bhujanga Bhooshanam,
Shila Raje Suthaa Parish Krutha Charu Vama Kalebharam,
Kshweda Neela Galam Praswadha Dharinam Mruga Dharinam,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[4]

Kundali Krutha Kundaleeswara Kundalam Vrusha Vahanam,
Naradadhi Muneeswara Sthutha Vaibhavam Bhuvaneswaram,
Andhakandhaka Masrithamara Padapam Samananthakam,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[5]

Bheshajam Bhava Roginamkhilapadamapa Harinam,
Daksha Yagna Vinasanam Trigunathmakam Trivilochanam,
Bhukthi Mukthi Phala Pradham Sakalagha Sanga Nibharhanam,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[6]

Bhaktha Vathsala Marchitham, Nidhim,Akshayam, Haridambaram,
Sarva Bhoothapathim, Parathparam Apreya Manuthamam,
Soma Varinabhoohuthasana Somapanilakha Krutheem,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[7]

Viswa Srushti Vidhayinam, Punareva Palana Thathparam,
Samharathamapi Prapanchamasesha Loka Nivasinam,
Kredayanthamaharnisam, Gana Nadha Yudha Samnvitham,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[8]

Mrityu Bheetha Mrukandu Soonu Krutha Sthavam Shiva Sannidhou,
Yathra Thathra Cha Ya Padennahi Thasya Mruthyu Bhayam Bhaveth,
Poorna Mayor Aroghitha Makhilarthasambadamdhyam,
Chandra Shekaramashraye Mama Kim Karishyathi Vai Yama.[9]

Maha Mrityunjaya Stotra, Markandeya Krit, Shiva, श्रीचन्द्रशेखराष्टकम्, श्रीमार्केण्डेयविरचितं, 


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श्रीरामाष्टकम् - Shree Ramastakam



Shree Sita Ram Swayamvar at Janakpur Nepal in the presense of Guru, Laxman, Raja Janak of Janakpur
Sita Ram Swayamvar

कृतार्तदेववन्दनं दिनेशवंशनन्दनम् ।
सुशोभिभालचन्दनं नमामि राममीश्वरम् ॥१॥

मुनीन्द्रयज्ञकारकं शिलाविपत्तिहारकम् ।
महाधनुर्विदारकं नमामि राममीश्वरम् ॥२॥

स्वतातवाक्यकारिणं तपोवने विहारिणम् ।
करे सुचापधारिणं नमामि राममीश्वरम् ॥३॥

कुरङ्गमुक्तसायकं जटायुमोक्षदायकम् ।
प्रविद्धकीशनायकं नमामि राममीश्वरम् ॥४॥

प्लवङ्गसङ्गसम्मतिं निबद्धनिम्नगापतिम् ।
दशास्यवंशसङ्क्षतिं नमामि राममीश्वरम् ॥५॥

विदीनदेवहर्षणं कपीप्सितार्थवर्षणम् ।
स्वबन्धुशोककर्षणं नमामि राममीश्वरम् ॥६॥

गतारिराज्यरक्षणं प्रजाजनार्तिभक्षणम् ।
कृतास्तमोहलक्षणं नमामि राममीश्वरम् ॥७॥

ह्रताखिलाचलाभरं स्वधामनीतनागरम् ।
जगत्तमोदिवाकरं नमामि राममीश्वरम् ॥८॥

इदं समाहितात्मना नरो रघूत्तमाष्टकम् ।
पठन्निरन्तरं भयं भवोद्भवं न विन्दते ॥९॥

इति श्रीपरमहंसस्वामिब्रह्मानन्दविरचितं श्रीरामष्टकं सम्पूर्णम् ।

Narayan, Sita Ram
श्रीपरमहंसस्वामिब्रह्मानन्दविरचितं श्रीरामाष्टकम्


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श्री मृत्युञ्जयस्तोत्रम् - Shree Mrityunjaya Stotra



Maha Mrityunjaya Stotra, Mritunjaya stotra, Shiva, eight hands, rudrabhishek, Rudra Abhishek, Amrit Kalash, Padma Ashan, Kamal Ashan, Pink Lotus, Lotus Posture
Maha Mrityunjaya Shiva

अस्य श्रीसदाशिवस्तोत्रमन्त्रस्य श्रीमार्कण्डेयऋषिरनुष्टुप्छन्द श्रीसदाशिवो देवता गौरीशक्तिः मम समस्तमृत्युशान्त्यर्थं समस्तऐश्वर्यप्राप्त्यर्थं जपे विनियोगः ॥

रुद्रं पशुपतिं स्थाणुं नीलकण्ठमुमापतिम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥१॥

कालकण्ठं कलामूर्तिं कालाग्निं कालनाशनम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥२॥

नीलकण्ठं विरूपाक्षं निर्मलं निरुपद्रवम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥३॥

वामदेवं महादेवं लोकनाथं जगदगुरुम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥४॥

देवदेवं जगन्नाथं देवेशमृषभध्वजम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥५॥

अनन्तमव्ययं शान्तमक्षमालाधरं हरम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥६॥

आनन्दं परमं नित्यं कैवल्यपदकारणम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥७॥

स्वर्गापवर्गदातारं सृष्टिस्थित्यन्तकारिणम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥८॥

प्रलय स्थिति संहारमादिकर्तारमीश्वरम् ।
नमामि शिरसा देवं किं नो मृत्युः करिष्यति ॥९॥

सत्यं सत्यं पुनः सत्यमुधृत्य भुजमुच्यते ।
वेदशास्त्रात्परं नास्ति न देवः शङ्करात्परः ॥

मार्केण्डेयकृतं स्तोत्रं यः पठेच्छिवसन्नधौ ।
तस्य मृत्युभयं नास्ति अग्निचौरभयं नहि ॥




इति श्रीमार्केण्डेयविरचितं श्रीमृत्युञ्जयस्तोत्रं सम्पूर्णम् ।

Lord Shiva Neel Kantha, Drinking Kaalkoot Vish, Halahal Vish produced during churning of ocean, samundra manthan





Maha Mrityunjaya Stotram - Prayer of the Great Victor over Death, By Sage Markandeya

Background story about this stotra: Sage Mrukandu prayed Lord Shiva for a son. Lord Shiva gave him a choice - whether he wanted an intelligent son who will live only for 16 years or foolish one, who will live for hundred years. The sage chose the intelligent one. A son was born to him and was named as Markandeya. This boy became a very great devotee of Lord Shiva. On his sixteenth birthday, the Yama, the lord who takes care of the soul after death came. He ran away and entered the sanctum sanctorum of the lord Shiva and embraced him. He sang the Maha Mrituinjaya stotra. Lord Shiva turned down Yama and granted him live. This prayer is supposed to ward of all evils, remove fear of death and realize all wishes.

Om Sri Ganesaya Nama.

Viniyoga - Details of the stotra: Om asya Sri Maha mrutyunjaya stotra mantrasya, Sri Markandeya rishi, Anushtup chanda, Sri Mrutyunjaya devatha, Gouri shakthi, samastha mrutyu santhyartham, sakala aiswarya prapthyartham, jape viniyoga

Salutations to Lord Ganesa. I am chanting this “Maha mrutyunjaya mantra (Chant to win over death), which is composed by Sage Markandeya, in anushtup meter, with Mrutyunjaya as God, Gowri as the strength, with a view to win over death and getting of all sorts of wealth.

Atha dhyanam (Meditating Lord Maha Mrituinjaya)
Chandrarkagni vilochanam, smitha mukam, Padmadwayantha sthitham,
Mudra pasa mrugakshasuthra vilasath paanim, Himaam suprabham,
Kotindu prakalathsudhaplutha thanum haaraathi, Bhooshojwalam,
Kantham viswa vimohanam, pasupathim, Mruthyunjayam bhavayeth.

I meditate on that victor over death, Who has moon, sun and fire as eyes, Who has a smiling face, Who sits on two lotus flowers, Whose hands shine with the sign the rope, The deer and the garland of rudraksha, Who has the pleasant shine of the ice, Who has a body drenched by nectar, From billions of moons, Who ornaments himself with several garlands, Who is very handsome, Who can attract the entire world, And who is the lord of all beings.

Now the chant is being started
Chandrashekara Ashtakam (Chandrasekharashtakam or Chandrasekhara Ashtakam) was written by Sage Markandeya, an ancient Hindu Rishi who was saved by Chandrashekara or Lord Shiva from Lord of Death (Kala or Yama) at the age of 16 and blessed him to be 16 forever. It is believed that Sage Markandeya sung this beautiful Sanskrit stotra when Chandra Shekara (Lord Shiv) saved the sage from death.

Benefits of chanting Chandrasekhara Ashtakam - Those who chant Chandra Sekhara Ashtakam daily or on every Monday will not have any fear of death and would have full healthy life and gain all wealth with the blessing of Lord Chandra Sekhara and attain salvation in the end.
Eight verses on the worship of of Chandra Shekhara (Shiva)



Rudram, pasupathim, sthanum, neelakandam, umapathim,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [9]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who is the angry one, Who is the lord of all beings, Who is stable, Who has a blue neck, And who is the consort of Uma.


Neelakandam, kalamoorthim kalagnamr kalanasanam,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [10]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who is having a blue neck, Who is the form of death, Who knows paste, present and future, And who destroyed the god of death.


Neelakandam, viroopaksham nirmalam vimalapradham,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [11]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who has a blue neck, Who has a different eye, Who is clean, And who is dazzlingly bright.


Vamadevam mahadevam lokanadham jagatgurum,
Namami sirasa devam , kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [12]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who judges according to merit, Who is the greatest god, Who is the lord of the universe, And who is the teacher of the world.


Devadevam jagannatham devesam vrushabhadwajam,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [13]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who is the God of gods, Who is the lord of the earth, Who is the god of devas, And who has a bull flag.


Traiksham chathurbhujam santham jata makuta dharanam,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [14]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who has three eyes, Who has four hands, Who is peaceful, And who wears matted hair and a crown.


Bhasmoddulitha sarvangam nagabharana bhooshitham,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [15]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god Who is covered with ash, All over his body, And who wears the serpent, As an ornament.

Anatham avyayam santham akshamala dharam haram,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [16]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who is limitless, Who cannot be explained, Who is peaceful, Who is the killer, And who wears the garland of eyes.

Aaandham paramam nithyam kaivalya pada dhayinam,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [17]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god Who is happiness, Who is beyond thought, Who is stable, And who grants salvation.

Ardhanaareeswaram devam parvathy prana nayakam, Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [18]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god Who is the god half male half female, And who is the darling of Parvathy.
Pralaya sthithi karthaaram adhi kartharameeswaram, Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [19]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god Who creates the state of deluge, And who is the god who made the beginning.

Vyomakesam viroopaksham chandrardha krutha shekaram,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [20]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god Whose hair is the sky, Who has a different eye, And who has collected half of the moon.

Gangadharam sasidharam sankaram shoolapaninam,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [21]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god Who carries the river ganga, Who keep moon as an ornament, Who is Lord Shankara, And who carries a trident.

Swargapavarga datharam srushti sthithyanthakarinam, Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [22]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that God, Who grant heaven and salvation, Who looks after creation, upkeep and destruction.

Kalpa ayur dehi mey punyam yavad ayur arogatham,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [23]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who can grant a life of an eon, Who can bless you with a long life, Bereft of any sickness.

Shivesanam mahadevam vamadevam sadashivam,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [24]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who is Shiva as well as Easwara, Who is the great god, Who gives correct judgments, And who is always peaceful.


Uthpathi sthithi samhara karthara meeswaram gurum,
Namami sirasa devam, kim no mrutyu karishyathi. [25]
What can death do to the one, Who salutes with his head that god, Who takes responsibility, Of creation, upkeep and destruction, And who is a great teacher.

Markandeya krutham stotram ya padeth shiva sannidhou,
Thasya mruthyu bhayam nasthi na agni chora bhayaam kwachith. [26]
Any one reading this prayer, Written by Markandeya, In front of Lord Shiva, Would not have, Fear of death, Nr fear of fire and thieves.

Shathavrutham prakarthavyam sankate kashta nasanam,
Suchir bhoothwa padeth stotram sarva sidhi pradhayakam [27]
Reading it one hundred times, In times of misery, Will get rid of it, And reading it with a clean mind, Would make one get all his wants.

Mruthyunjaya mahadeva thrahi maam saranagatham,
Janma mrutyu jara rogai, peeditham karma bandhanai. [28]
Oh great god, Who has won over god of death, Please save me as I am submitting to you, From births, deaths, old age and disease, And also the ties of Karma which affect me.

Thaavaka stvad gatha prana thawa chithoham sada mruda,
Ithi vignapya devesam thryambakakhyam japeth,
Nama sivaya Sambaya haraye paramathmane,
Pranatha klesa naasaya yoginaam pathaye nama. [29-30]
I appeal to the God that, “My soul goes towards you, And my mind always meditates on you,” And then chant of Trayambaka Mantra*, And salute that Samba, Who is the inner soul of the destroyer, And pray, ”destroy all life’s problems, Oh Lord of Yoga, I salute you.”

Watch video of Maha Mrityunjaya Stotra

Maha Mrityunjaya Stotra, Markandeya Krit, Shiva, Yama, श्रीमार्केण्डेयविरचितं


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सिन्धु सभ्यता Sindhu Civilisation पर 50 महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्न



सिन्धु सभ्यता Sindhu Civilisation

सिन्धु सभ्यता Sindhu Civilisation

  1. किस नदी के किनारे हड्प्पा कलीन स्थल रोपड़ स्थित है – सतलज
  2. किस वर्ष हड़प्पा सभ्यता (Harappa Civilization) की खोज हुई थी – वर्ष 1921
  3. किस स्थान से हड़प्पा सभ्यता (Harappa Civilization) के जोते हुए खेत का साक्ष्य मिला है – कालीबंगा
  4. किस हड्प्पा कालीन स्थल से नृत्य मुद्रा वाली स्त्री की कांस्य मूर्ति प्राप्त हुई है – मोहनजोदड़ो (Mohanjodado)
  5. किस हड़प्पाकालीन स्थल से पुजारी को प्रस्तर मूर्ति प्राप्त हुई है – हड़प्पा
  6. किसके प्रमाण मिलने के कारण से सिन्धु घाटी की सभ्यता को आर्य पूर्व सभ्यता कहा जाता है – बर्तन
  7. प्राचीन सिंधु वासी किसकी उपासना करते थे? – मातृदेवी और शिवलिंग की
  8. प्राचीन इतिहास (Ancient History) में सेंधव सभ्यता की ईंटों अलंकरण किस स्थान से मिला है – कालीबंगा
  9. प्राचीन इतिहास (Ancient History) में मोहनजोदड़ो (Mohanjodado) को किस अन्य नाम से जाना जाता है – मृतकों का टीला
  10. प्राचीन इतिहास (Ancient History) में सिंधु घाटी (Sindhu Valley) के लोग किसमें विश्वास करते थे – मातृशक्ति में
  11. प्राचीन इतिहास (Ancient History) में किस सिंधुकालीन स्थल से एक ईंट पर बिल्ली का पीछा करते हुए कुत्ते के पंजो के निशान मिले है – चुन्हुदड़ो
  12. प्राचीन इतिहास (Ancient History) में सबसे पहले कौन सा हड़प्पाकालीन स्थल खोजा गया था – हड़प्पा
  13. प्राचीन इतिहास (Ancient History) में सिंधु सभ्यता (Sindhu Civilisation) के घर किससे बनाए जाते थे – ईंट
  14. प्राचीन इतिहास (Ancient History) में सिन्धु सभ्यता का पतन नगर कौन सा है – लोथल
  15. प्राचीन सिंधु सभ्यता में वृहत स्नानगार कहाँ पाया गया है – मोहनजोदड़ो (Mohanjodado)
  16. प्राचीन सिंधु सभ्यता Ancient sindhu civilization कहाँ तक विस्तृत थी – पंजाब ,राजस्थान ,गुजरात,उत्तर प्रदेश ,हरियाणा ,सिंध और बलूचिस्तान
  17. प्राचीन सिंधु सभ्यता कालीन के हड़प्पा लोग अपने नगरों व घरों के विन्यास के लिए कौन सी पद्धति अपनाई थी – Grid System ग्रिड पद्धति
  18. प्राचीन सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता का काल कब से कब तक था? – 2500 ई॰ पूर्व से 1500 ई॰ पूर्व तक
  19. प्राचीन सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता को वर्तमान में क्या कहा जाता है? – हड़प्पा सभ्यता (Harappa Civilization)
  20. प्राचीन सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता का प्रधान बन्दरगाह कौन था – लोथल बंदरगाह
  21. प्राचीन सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता किन नदियों के किनारे विकसित हुई थी? – सिंधु व उसकी सहायक नदियों के किनारे
  22. प्राचीन सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता को क्या कहा जाता है? – नगरीय सभ्यता।
  23. प्राचीन सिन्धुवासी किस पशु को पवित्र मानते थे? – सांड
  24. प्राचीन हड़प्पा नगर किस नदी के किनारे स्थित था? – रावी नदी के।
  25. प्राचीन हड़प्पा संस्कृति की मुद्राओं एवं पक्की मिट्टी की कलाकृतियों में किन पशुओं का चित्रण किया गया है –हाथी, बाघ , हिरन , गैंडा तथा भैस
  26. प्राचीन हड़प्पा वासी कहाँ के मूल निवासी थे? – फिनीशिया
  27. मोहनजोदड़ो (Mohanjodado) कहाँ स्थित है – सिंध पाकिस्तान
  28. मोहनजोदड़ो (Mohanjodado) की सबसे बड़ी ईमारत किसे मणि जाती है – विशाल अन्नागार / धान्यकोठार
  29. मोहनजोदड़ो (Mohanjodado) से प्राप्त पशुपति शिव आद्द शिव मुहर में किन -किन जानवरों का अंकन हुआ है – व्याघ्र ,हाथी ,गैंड़ा ,भैंसा व हिरण
  30. सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता के अवशेष प्राप्त लोगों का प्रमुख धंधा क्या था – कृषि
  31. सिंधु घाटी की सभ्यता और वैदिक सभ्यता में प्रमुख अंतर क्या है – पहली नगरिया थी , जबकि दूसरी ग्रामीण
  32. सिंधु घाटी सभ्यता की विकसित अवस्था में किस स्थल से घरों के अवशेष मिले है – मोहनजोदड़ो
  33. सिंधु घाटी स्थल कालीबंगा किस प्रदेश में स्थित है – राजस्थान
  34. सिंधु सभ्यता का सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त नाम क्या था – हड़प्पा सभ्यता (Harappa Civilization)
  35. सिंधु सभ्यता किससे संबंधित है – आद्य –ऐतिहासिक युग से
  36. सिंधु सभ्यता के लोगों का प्रमुख व्यवसाय क्या था – व्यापार
  37. स्वतंत्रता से पूर्व भारत में सबसे अधिक संख्या में हड़प्पा युगीन स्थलों की खोज किस प्रांत में हुई थी – गुजरात
  38. हड़प्पन लोगो को किसकी जानकारी नहीं थी – लोहा
  39. हड़प्पा सभ्यता का कौन सा स्थल भारत में स्थित नहीं है – बालकोट
  40. हड़प्पा सभ्यता का सबसे पूर्वी स्थल कौन-सा है – आलमगीर
  41. हड़प्पा कालीन सभ्यता का विशाल कोठार अनाज संग्रहण करने का स्थान कहा मिला है– मोहनजोदड़ो (Mohanjodado)
  42. हड़प्पा काल की मुद्राओं के निर्माण में मुख्य रूप से किसका प्रयोग किया गया था – टैराकोटा (Teracotta)
  43. हड़प्पा कालीन समाज (Harappa Society) किन वर्गों में विभक्त था- विद्वान ,योद्धा ,व्यापारी और श्रमिक
  44. हड़प्पा के मिट्टी के बर्तनों में सामान्यतः किस तरह के रंगों का प्रयोग हुआ है – लाल
  45. हड्प्पा मुहरें (Harappa Incription) अधिकांश किससे बनी हुई है – सेलखड़ी
  46. हड़प्पा वासी लोग किन- किन धातुओं का प्रयोग करते थे – सोना ,चाँदी ,तांबा
  47. हड़प्पा वासी लोग किस वस्तु के उत्पादन में सर्वप्रथम थे – कपास
  48. हड़प्पा संस्कृति की जानकारी का प्रमुख स्रोत क्या है – पुरातात्विक खुदाई
  49. हड़प्पा सभ्यता (Harappa Civilization) के लोगों की सामाजिक पद्धति – उचित समतावादी
  50. हड़प्पा सभ्यता (Harappa Civilization) के सम्पूर्ण क्षेत्र का आकार किस प्रकार का था – त्रिभुजाकार


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